1984: | N-ISDN | WAN |
data and voice | ||
1...2 x 64 kbps, basic access 2B+D | ||
deployed worldwide | ||
1988: | B-ISDN | WAN |
data-voice-video | ||
155...622 Mbps access | ||
ATM as common transfer protocol |
Slow market penetration
1990's: | ATM switching adopted for LAN hubs (fast hub-switching) |
non-shared access to desktop | |
Networked LAN hubs made attractive by AALs to | |
- IP | |
- Ethernet, Token Ring | |
- FDDI, ... | |
1995: | ATM WANs with automated VC routing |
Standardized from 25 Mbps to 622 Mbps access, common is 155 Mbps OC3
Praised as common technology for LAN-MAN-WAN, suitable for multi-media traffic mix
Criticized for slow and incomplete standard development
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Last revised: 24 October 1997, BJK