From the preface of Probability,
Statistics and Truth (1957), by one
of the 20th century pioneers
of modern probability and statistics, Richard von Mises:
The stated
purpose of these [mentioned earlier] investigations is to
create a
theory of induction or ‘inductive logic’.
According to the
basic
viewpoint of this book, the theory of probability in its
application
to reality is itself an inductive science; its results and
formulas cannot serve to found the inductive processes as such . . ..